Name: Caves
Released: 2017-03-10
Cast: Sigourney Weaver, David Attenborough

1) stalagmite

And when stalactite meets stalagmite
2) stalactite

And when stalactite meets stalagmite
3) jetfighter

Peregrine falcons and bat hawks are the jetfighter of the bird world.
4) cenote

so the Maya relied on the cenote - the flooded entrances to the water-filled caves.
5) troglodyte

troglodyte, animals that never emerge from the caves or see daylight.
6) caver

when caver dug through several meters of loose rock
7) echolocation

Like bats they use echolocation to navigate.
8) guano

The cockroaches feed on the guano
9) centipede

These in turn become food for giant cave centipede,
10) sulphide

Hydrogen sulphide gas bubbles up from oil deposits in the earth's crust.
11) passageway

but they could never have known that these flooded passageway
12) outcrop

The rocky outcrop of New Zealand's Poor Knight Islands are riddled with sea caves
13) escarpment

so although this rocky escarpment in the United States
14) seep

If the water seep though the ceiling quickly,
15) gatherer

the gatherer climb into the highest reaches of the cave
16) cockroach

Its surface is covered by a thick carpet of cockroach,
17) doughnut

the stream of bats form a doughnut-shaped ring.
18) droppings

This hundred meter high mound is made entirely of bat droppings -

1) colore

is actually colore white with sulphuric acid.
2) roost

The bats roost high on the walls and ceilings
3) defy

that almost defied belief.
4) funnel

A bottleneck funnel these exiting bats into dense concentrations
5) descend

When the first explorers descend,
6) dissolve

This water is loaded with dissolve limestone
7) riddle

The rocky outcrops of New Zealand's Poor Knight Islands are riddle with sea caves
8) isolate

so these species must have been isolate for a very long time.
9) compose

Limestone is compose of minerals derived from marine shells and corals,
10) absorb

the water absorb carbon dioxide from the soil
11) consume

and slowly consuming the catch - alive.
12) derive

Limestone is composed of minerals derive from marine shells and corals,
13) fade

Good hunting will end as the light fade
14) hatch

By ensnaring the insects that hatch in this cave,
15) emerge

troglodytes, animals that never emerge from the caves or see daylight.
16) restrict

seems to be restrict to just two small caves.
17) shine

The light literally shine out of its backside.
18) frost

like these 5-meter cones, frost with the most delicate crystals.

1) bizarrely

Bizarrely, there are crabs here, too,
2) irresistibly

Insects seem irresistibly drawn towards the source
3) notoriously

Underwater caving is notoriously dangerous.
4) mildly

making it mildly acidic.
5) wonderfully

The only water Lechuguilla has are these wonderfully still clear pools.
6) seldom

However, human beings are seldom the first
7) altogether

But sometimes the formations in a cave stop growing altogether.
8) surprisingly

Surprisingly, they are the basis of a food chain
9) appropriately

These strange stalactite-like formations are known, rather appropriately, as snotites,
10) whatsoever

that one would not expect it to contain any life whatsoever.
11) literally

The light literally shines out of its backside.
12) deeply

As the explorers went deeper into the cave,
13) surely

it's surely the most bizarre cave chamber in the world.
14) virtually

With virtually no safety equipment
15) largely

The strikes seem to be largely hit-and-miss,
16) slowly

and slowly consuming the catch - alive.
17) entirely

This hundred meter high mound is made entirely of bat droppings -
18) apparently

To the snakes the bats are apparently glowing

1) bornean

Bats are not the only commuters in these Bornean caves.
2) disorientated

In these conditions a diver could easily become disorientated
3) unerringly

but in the pitch black the swiftlets manage unerringly to locate their individual nesting sites,
4) demoiselle

vast shoals of demoiselle fish return to the caves,
5) belizean

And the Belizean white crab is another creature
6) erosive

the water takes on a new, more erosive power.
7) sulphuric

is actually colored white with sulphuric acid.
8) inhospitable

But one cave is so inhospitable
9) miniscule

Each drop leaves behind only a miniscule amount of calcite,
10) lipped

A staggering 3 million wrinkle-lipped bats live here.
11) strang

Here, live some of the strang and least-known animals on the planet.
12) shee

The shee size of Deer Cave
13) subterranean

but still nobody yet knows the true extend of this subterranean waterworld.
14) ghostly

That ghostly blue light is the result of a chemical reaction
15) poisonous

Poisonous gases rise to fatal levels so quickly
16) acidic

making it mildly acidic.
17) dependant

They're totally dependant on the digested remains of food
18) adventurous

an inner world where only the most adventurous dare to go.

Planet Earth » Season 1 » Caves